Celestial Atlas
(IC 500 - 549) ←IC Objects: IC 550 - 599→ (IC 600 - 649)
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567, 568, 569, 570, 571, 572, 573, 574, 575, 576, 577, 578, 579, 580, 581, 582, 583,
584, 585, 586, 587, 588, 589, 590, 591, 592, 593, 594, 595, 596, 597, 598, 599

Page last updated Sep 4, 2017
WORKING: Physical, historical information
Particularly concerned about whether IC 591 = Todd 22 (presumed, but for wrong reasons)

IC 550 (= PGC 27607)
Discovered (Feb 18, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle (640)
A 14th-magnitude lenticular galaxy (type S0/a) in Hydra (RA 09 40 28.6, Dec -06 56 46)
Based on a recessional velocity of 4935 km/sec, IC 550 is about 230 million light years away. Given that and its apparent size of 1.05 by 0.9 arcmin, it is about 70 thousand light years across.
DSS image of lenticular galaxy IC 550
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 550
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
DSS image of region near lenticular galaxy IC 550

IC 551 (= PGC 27645)
Discovered (Apr 10, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle (641)
A 14th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type SBb pec?) in Leo (RA 09 41 00.1, Dec +06 56 10)
Apparent size 0.95 by 0.65 arcmin.
SDSS image of spiral galaxy IC 551
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 551
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
SDSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 551

IC 552 (= PGC 27665)
Discovered (Apr 23, 1892) by
Stephane Javelle (166)
A 13th-magnitude lenticular galaxy (type S0?) in Leo (RA 09 41 16.6, Dec +10 38 47)
Apparent size 1.3 by 0.65 arcmin.
SDSS image of lenticular galaxy IC 552
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 552
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
SDSS image of region near lenticular galaxy IC 552

IC 553 (= PGC 27625)
Discovered (Feb 18, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle (642)
A 14th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type (R')SB(rs)a pec?) in Hydra (RA 09 40 45.0, Dec -05 26 09)
Apparent size 1.5 by 1.15 arcmin.
DSS image of spiral galaxy IC 553
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 553
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
DSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 553

IC 554 (probably not =
IC 555 = PGC 27716)
Recorded (Mar 28, 1892) by Lewis Swift
A lost or nonexistent object in Leo (RA 09 41 47.9, Dec +12 26 01)
but often misidentified as a duplicate listing of IC 555
Per Dreyer, IC 554 (Swift list X (#1), 1860 RA 09 34 13, NPD 76 55.9) is "most extremely faint, extremely small, almost stellar". The position precesses to RA 09 41 47.9, Dec +12 26 01 (whence the position above), but there is nothing there. It is generally assumed that Swift actually observed Javelle's IC 555, and simply made an error of 10 arcmin in its declination. However, aside from the fact that this would still put Swift's position well to the southwest of IC 555, the descriptions of the two objects are completely different. So it seems far more likely that Swift observed a different, fainter galaxy (in which case he would still have had to make a large error in its position), or mistook a faint stellar object for a nebula (which, given his description of the object seems by far the most likely, but since there are no obvious stellar matches near his position, is still not at all certain). Which if any of the possibilities might be correct is a mystery, as there is no reasonable alteration of Swift's position that fits any of them; so the best description of IC 554 appears to be, as noted above, "lost or nonexistent".
SDSS image of region near the apparently nonexistent IC 554
Above, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on Swift's position for IC 554

IC 555 (= PGC 27716, and possibly but probably not =
IC 554)
Discovered (Mar 22, 1892) by Stephane Javelle
A 13th-magnitude lenticular galaxy (type S0?) in Leo (RA 09 41 57.0, Dec +12 17 45)
Per Dreyer, IC 555 (Javelle #167, 1860 RA 09 34 20, NPD 77 04.3) is "pretty bright, very small, round, brighter middle". The position precesses to RA 09 41 54.6, Dec +12 17 37, just west of the galaxy listed above, so the identification is certain. As discussed in the entry for IC 554, that is generally considered a duplicate of IC 555, and as a result some references list PGC 27716 as IC 554, and others as IC 555. Since Javelle's accurate position makes the identification certain, and Swift's completely different position makes it merely a very remote possibility, I have chosen to use IC 555 as the designation for PGC 27716; but the reader should be aware that they may encounter the same galaxy identified (or more likely misidentified) as IC 554 in other places. Apparent size 1.35 by 0.55 arcmin.
SDSS image of lenticular galaxy IC 555
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 555
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
SDSS image of region near lenticular galaxy IC 555

IC 556 (= PGC 27838 =
NGC 2984)
Discovered (Mar 15, 1784) by William Herschel (and later listed as NGC 2984)
Discovered (Apr 22, 1892) by Stephane Javelle (and later listed as IC 556)
A 13th-magnitude lenticular galaxy (type S0?) in Leo (RA 09 43 40.4, Dec +11 03 39)
Per Dreyer, IC 556 (Javelle #168, 1860 RA 09 36 09, NPD 78 17.9) is "faint, very small, round, nucleus equivalent to 14th-magnitude star". The position precesses to RA 09 43 40.9, Dec +11 03 48, on the periphery of the galaxy, so the identification is certain. Per Corwin the duplicate listing is due to Herschel's position being poor, but the equivalence of the two listings is not in doubt; so see NGC 2984 for anything else.

IC 557 (= PGC 27866)
Discovered (Apr 22, 1892) by
Stephane Javelle (169)
A 14th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type SB0/a pec?) in Leo (RA 09 44 02.5, Dec +10 59 16)
Apparent size 1.0 by 0.55 arcmin.
SDSS image of spiral galaxy IC 557
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 557
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy, also showing NGC 2984
SDSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 557, also showing lenticular galaxy NGC 2984

IC 558 (= PGC 27931)
Discovered (Feb 23, 1889) by
Rudolf Spitaler
A 14th-magnitude elliptical galaxy (type E0?) in Leo (RA 09 45 00.3, Dec +29 27 07)
Apparent size 1.2 by 1.15 arcmin.
SDSS image of elliptical galaxy IC 558
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 558
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
SDSS image of region near elliptical galaxy IC 558

IC 559 (= PGC 27910)
Discovered (Apr 13, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle (643)
A 14th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type Sm?) in Leo (RA 09 44 43.9, Dec +09 36 55)
Apparent size 1.25 by 1.0 arcmin; fainter outer regions encompass 1.6 by 1.3 arcmin.
SDSS image of spiral galaxy IC 559
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 559
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
SDSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 559

IC 560 (= PGC 27998)
Discovered (Mar 9, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle (644)
A 13th-magnitude lenticular galaxy (type S0/a?) in Sextans (RA 09 45 53.5, Dec -00 16 08)
Apparent size 1.8 by 0.7 arcmin.
SDSS image of lenticular galaxy IC 560
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 560
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
SDSS image of region near lenticular galaxy IC 560

IC 561 (= PGC 28002)
Discovered (Mar 21, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle (645)
A 15th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type Sc?) in Sextans (RA 09 45 58.8, Dec +03 08 41)
Apparent size 0.6 by 0.45 arcmin.
SDSS image of spiral galaxy IC 561
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 561
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy, also showing IC 563 and 564
SDSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 561, also showing part of spiral galaxies IC 563 and 564, which comprise Arp 303

IC 562 (= PGC 28011)
Discovered (Mar 8, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle (646)
A 14th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type Sbc pec?) in Sextans (RA 09 46 03.9, Dec -03 58 19)
Apparent size 1.3 by 0.3 arcmin.
DSS image of spiral galaxy IC 562
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 562
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
DSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 562

IC 563 (= PGC 28032, and with
IC 564 = Arp 303)
Discovered (Mar 21, 1893) by Stephane Javelle (647)
A 14th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type SB(r)ab? pec) in Sextans (RA 09 46 20.3, Dec +03 02 45)
Apparent size 1.1 by 0.4 arcmin.
SDSS image of spiral galaxies IC 563 and 564, which comprise Arp 303
Above, a 2.5 arcmin wide closeup of IC 563 and 564
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the pair, also showing IC 561
SDSS image of region near spiral galaxies IC 563 and 564, which comprise Arp 303; also shown is spiral galaxy IC 561

IC 564 (= PGC 28033, and with
IC 563 = Arp 303)
Discovered (Mar 21, 1893) by Stephane Javelle (648)
A 13th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type SA(s)cd? pec) in Sextans (RA 09 46 21.1, Dec +03 04 16)
Apparent size 1.8 by 0.45 arcmin. (See IC 563 for images.)

IC 565 (= PGC 28159)
Discovered (Dec 16, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle (649)
A 14th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type Sbc? pec) in Leo (RA 09 47 50.4, Dec +15 51 05)
Accompanied by a compact companion, but whether there is any actual connection between them is unknown; however, the distorted appearance of IC 565 suggests that they may indeed be physical companions. Apparent size 1.55 by 0.2 arcmin.
SDSS image of spiral galaxy IC 565 and its apparent elliptical companion
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 565 and its apparent companion
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the pair
SDSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 565 and its apparent elliptical companion

2MASX J09474970+1551068
Not an IC object, but an apparent companion of
IC 565
A 16th-magnitude elliptical galaxy (type E0?) in Leo (RA 09 47 49.7, Dec +15 51 07)
Apparent size 0.15 by 0.15 arcmin. Nothing else known, so whether an actual companion of IC 565 (which see for images) or merely an optical double is also unknown; however, the distorted appearance of IC 565 suggests that they may indeed be physical companions.

IC 566 (= PGC 28279)
Discovered (Mar 9, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle (650)
A 15th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type S(rs)ab pec?) in Sextans (RA 09 49 56.4, Dec -00 13 54)
Apparent size of central galaxy 0.45 by 0.4 arcmin; but outer arms extend as much as 1.4 by 0.75 arcmin.
SDSS image of spiral galaxy IC 566
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 566 (with some glare from 7th-magnitude HD 85180)
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
SDSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 566

IC 567
Recorded (Mar 18, 1890) by
Guillaume Bigourdan
A 15th-magnitude star in Leo (RA 09 50 33.8, Dec +12 47 05)
Per Dreyer, IC 567 (Bigourdan #156, 1860 RA 09 42 57, NPD 76 32) is "very faint, suspected, 2 arcmin from III 52", III 52 being NGC 3024. The position precesses to RA 09 50 31.3, Dec +12 48 55, about 3 arcmin north of NGC 3024, and just over an arcmin west of PGC 1416616. However, that galaxy cannot be Bigourdan's object, because extended objects such as galaxies, which have their light spread out over their entire surface area, look far fainter to visual observers than stars, which have all their light concentrated in a nearly pointlike image. As a result, even though PGC 1416616 looks like a reasonable candidate in modern photographs, Bigourdan could not possibly have seen it with his 12-inch telescope, and what he actually saw must have been one of the faint stars in the region. Which star might be a mystery, if not for the fact that Bigourdan, per his usual practice, published his offsets from NGC 3024 as well as his calculated position. Per Thomson, the calculated position is wrong because the coordinates listed for his comparison star were based on an incorrect catalog position for BD+31 2162; but the offsets from NGC 3024 (6.3 seconds of time east and 1' 17" north of that galaxy) fall almost exactly on the star listed above, making its identity as IC 567 certain.
SDSS image of region near the star listed as IC 567, also showing spiral galaxies NGC 3020 and 3024
Above, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on IC 567, also showing NGC 3020 and NGC 3024
(PGC 1416616 is also shown, since it is mentioned in the discussion above)

PGC 1416616
Not an IC object but listed here since involved in the discussion of
IC 567
A 17th-magnitude dwarf galaxy (type dE1?) in Leo (RA 09 50 36.3, Dec +12 48 33)
Based on a recessional velocity of 1335 km/sec, PGC 1416616 is about 60 million light years away. Given that and its apparent size of 0.35 by 0.3 arcmin, it is about 6 thousand light years across. That makes it a dwarf galaxy, and given its lack of any apparent structure, probably a dwarf elliptical.
SDSS image of dwarf galaxy PGC 1416616
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of PGC 1416616; for a wide-field image see IC 567

IC 568 (= PGC 28368)
Discovered (Jan 15, 1894) by
Stephane Javelle (651)
A 14th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type SB(rs)b) in Leo (RA 09 51 08.3, Dec +15 43 48)
Apparent size 2.05 by 1.35 arcmin.
SDSS image of spiral galaxy IC 568
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 568
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
SDSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 568

IC 569 (= PGC 28391)
Discovered (Jan 27, 1892) by
Stephane Javelle (170)
A 14th-magnitude lenticular galaxy (type S0?) in Leo (RA 09 51 28.2, Dec +10 55 11)
Apparent size 0.9 by 0.6 arcmin.
SDSS image of lenticular galaxy IC 569
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 569
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
SDSS image of region near lenticular galaxy IC 569

IC 570 (= PGC 28407)
Discovered (Jan 15, 1894) by
Stephane Javelle (652)
A 15th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type Sc?) in Leo (RA 09 51 51.0, Dec +15 45 20)
Apparent size 0.6 by 0.45 arcmin.
SDSS image of spiral galaxy IC 570
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 570
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
SDSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 570

IC 571 (= PGC 28445)
Discovered (Dec 16, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle
A 15th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type SBab?) in Leo (RA 09 52 31.6, Dec +15 46 31)
Per Dreyer, IC 571 (Javelle #653, 1860 RA 09 44 53, NPD 73 34.2) is "pretty bright, small, round, nucleus = 12.5 magnitude star". The position precesses to RA 09 52 32.5, Dec +15 46 30, right on the galaxy, so the identification is certain. Apparent size 0.95 by 0.75 arcmin.
SDSS image of spiral galaxy IC 571
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 571
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy, also showing IC 572
SDSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 571, also showing spiral galaxy IC 572

IC 572 (= PGC 28456)
Discovered (Dec 16, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle (654)
A 15th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type Sbc?) in Leo (RA 09 52 32.8, Dec +15 49 37)
Apparent size 0.55 by 0.55 arcmin.
SDSS image of spiral galaxy IC 572
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 572
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy, also showing IC 571
SDSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 572, also showing spiral galaxy IC 571

IC 573 (= PGC 28513 = southeastern component of
NGC 3058)
Discovered (May 6, 1886) by Francis Leavenworth (and later listed as NGC 3058)
Discovered (Apr 20, 1892) by Stephane Javelle (and later listed as IC 573)
A 14th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type Sc? pec) in Hydra (RA 09 53 36.1, Dec -12 28 56)
Per Dreyer, IC 573 (Javelle #171, 1860 RA 09 46 45, NPD 101 49 .6) is "extremely faint, very small, round, very small star close". The position precesses to RA 09 53 33.6, Dec -12 29 04, just west of a pair of galaxies, the brighter southern member of which is almost certainly IC 573, and the fainter northern member (per Corwin) is probably the "very small star close". The duplicate listing with NGC 3058 (which consists of both members of the pair of galaxies) was caused by an error in Leavenworth's NPD. Howe soon noted the error, but Javelle rediscovered the object before Howe's correction was published, and Dreyer was not aware of it when he published the Index Catalog (though he did note the correction in the second Index Catalog). (Since tradition prefers using NGC entries instead of later discoveries, this entry only contains historical information; for anything else see NGC 3058.)

IC 574 (= PGC 28569)
Discovered (Mar 9, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle (655)
A 14th-magnitude lenticular galaxy (type SA0-?) in Sextans (RA 09 54 27.0, Dec -06 57 12)
Apparent size 1.3 by 1.0 arcmin.
DSS image of lenticular galaxy IC 574
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 574
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy, also showing IC 575
DSS image of region near lenticular galaxy IC 574; also shown is spiral galaxy IC 574, also known as Arp 292

IC 575 (= PGC 28575, and =
Arp 292)
Discovered (Mar 9, 1893) by Stephane Javelle
A magnitude 13.2 spiral galaxy (type Sa? pec) in Sextans (RA 09 54 32.9, Dec -06 51 27)
Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, IC 575 (Javelle #656, 1860 RA 09 47 35, NPD 96 12.0) is "faint, small, round, gradually brighter middle". The position precesses to RA 09 54 33.9, Dec -06 51 34, on the southeastern rim of the nucleus of the galaxy listed above, the description fits and there is nothing else nearby, so the identification is certain.
Physical Information: Based on a recessional velocity of 5975 km/sec (and H0 = 70 km/sec/Mpc), IC 575 is about 275 to 280 million light years away. Given that and its apparent size of about 0.9 by 0.45 arcmin (from the images below), it is about 70 to 75 thousand light years across. It is used by the Arp Atlas as an example of a galaxy with the appearance of wind effects.
DSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 575, also known as Arp 292; also showing IC 574
Above, a 12 arcmin wide DSS image centered on IC 575, also showing IC 574
Below, a 1 arcmin wide DSS image of the galaxyDSS image of spiral galaxy IC 575, also known as Arp 292
Below, a ? arcmin wide image from Arp's original plate (Image Credit Arp Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies)
Arp Atlas image of spiral galaxy IC 575, also known as Arp 292
Below, a 1 arcmin wide PanSTARRS image of the galaxyPanSTARRS image of spiral galaxy IC 575, also known as Arp 292

IC 576 (= PGC 28603)
Discovered (Jan 27, 1892) by
Stephane Javelle (172)
A 14th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type Sab?) in Leo (RA 09 55 07.1, Dec +11 02 22)
Apparent size 0.65 by 0.55 arcmin.
SDSS image of spiral galaxy IC 576
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 576
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
SDSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 576

IC 577 (= PGC 28662)
Discovered (Mar 22, 1892) by
Stephane Javelle (173)
A 14th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type Sc?) in Leo (RA 09 56 04.0, Dec +10 29 53)
Apparent size 0.65 by 0.55 arcmin.
SDSS image of spiral galaxy IC 577
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 577
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy, also showing IC 578
SDSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 577, also showing spiral galaxy IC 578

IC 578 (= PGC 28674)
Discovered (Mar 22, 1892) by
Stephane Javelle (174)
A 14th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type SBa?) in Leo (RA 09 56 16.1, Dec +10 29 07)
Apparent size 1.2 by 0.45 arcmin.
SDSS image of spiral galaxy IC 578
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 578
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy, also showing IC 577
SDSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 578, also showing spiral galaxy IC 577

IC 579
Recorded (Mar 25, 1889) by
Lewis Swift
A lost or nonexistent object in Hydra (RA 09 56 34.1, Dec -14 09 00)
Per Dreyer, IC 579 (Swift list VIII (#50), 1860 RA 09 49 48, NPD 103 29.2) is "pretty faint, pretty small, round". The position precesses to RA 09 56 34.1, Dec -14 09 00 (whence the position above), but there is nothing there, or anywhere near there. As a result some references list the object as lost or nonexistent; however, others identify PGC 28702 as IC 579, so although there is no good reason to believe that it really is the IC object, it is discussed immediately below.
DSS image of region centered on the position of the apparently nonexistent IC 579
Above, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the position of the apparently nonexistent IC 579

PGC 28702 (almost certainly not =
IC 579)
Almost certainly not an IC object, but listed here since often (mis?)identified as IC 579
A 14th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type SB(rs)ab?) in Hydra (RA 09 56 39.4, Dec -13 46 29)
There is no particularly good reason to believe that PGC 28702 is IC 579, but it is listed as such in a number of databases (albeit occasionally with a warning that the identification is very uncertain). The identification is presumably based on the galaxy having roughly the same right ascension as Swift's measurement, and being the brightest object within any reasonable distance from his position. However, in most cases Swift's declinations were far more accurate than his right ascensions, and when his declinations were wrong, they were usually off by a simple multiple of one or ten arcminutes, or of whole or half degrees (errors that would be easy to make by misreading the setting circles on his telescope). The 23 arcmin error in declination required to make PGC 28702 equal to IC 579 would be unique, and although a stretch of the imagination might make it conceivable that the identification is correct, it is far more likely to be wrong. As a result, although its frequent (mis?)identification as IC 579 makes it necessary to mention PGC 28702, this entry is intended as a warning about the probable misidentification, and not an endorsement of it.
   Physical Data: Based on a recessional velocity of 9490 km/sec, PGC 28702 is about 440 million light years away. Given that and its apparent size of 1.1 by 0.35 arcmin, it is about 140 thousand light years across.
DSS image of spiral galaxy PGC 28702, which is often misidentified as IC 579
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of PGC 28702
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
DSS image of region near spiral galaxy PGC 28702, which is often misidentified as IC 579

IC 580 (= PGC 28788 =
NGC 3069)
Discovered (Mar 15, 1877) by John Dreyer (and later listed as NGC 3069)
Discovered (Mar 22, 1892) by Stephane Javelle (and later listed as IC 580)
A 14th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type Sa?) in Leo (RA 09 57 56.7, Dec +10 25 56)
Per Dreyer, IC 580 (Javelle #175, 1860 RA 09 50 28, NPD 78 53.7) is "pretty faint, very small, irregular figure". The position precesses to RA 09 57 56.8, Dec +10 26 24, on the northern edge of the galaxy, so the identification is certain. Per Corwin, the duplicate listing was due to an arcmin error in Dreyer's position for NGC 3069 (which see for anything else), some uncertainty on his part as to exactly what he had seen (due to scattered clouds on the night of his discovery), and some confusion on Javelle's part as to which nebulae in the region were already known, and which were 'novae'. If Dreyer's position had been better, he would probably have realized that Javelle's #175 was a duplication of his own discovery; but he did not, so the double listing resulted.

IC 581 (= PGC 28800)
Discovered (Dec 16, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle (657)
A 14th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type SBab?) in Leo (RA 09 58 11.6, Dec +15 56 48)
Apparent size 1.0 by 0.6 arcmin.
SDSS image of spiral galaxy IC 581
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 581
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
SDSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 581

IC 582 (= PGC 28838)
Discovered (Dec 16, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle (658)
A 14th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type Sc?) in Leo (RA 09 59 00.2, Dec +17 49 00)
Apparent size 0.9 by 0.9 arcmin. Apparently a companion of IC 583, but although the two galaxies have similar recessional velocities and are probably at about the same (several hundred million light year) distance from us, their lack of any apparent interaction suggests that they are still millions of light years from each other.
SDSS image of spiral galaxies IC 582 and 583
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 582 and 583
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the pair
SDSS image of region near spiral galaxies IC 582 and 583

IC 583 (= PGC 28844)
Discovered (Dec 16, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle (659)
A 15th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type Sbc?) in Leo (RA 09 59 05.1, Dec +17 49 16)
Apparent size 1.1 by 0.25 arcmin. In the same field of view as IC 582, which see for images. The two galaxies have similar recessional velocities, so they are probably at about the same (several hundred million light year) distance from us; but their lack of any apparent interaction suggests that they are still millions of light years from each other.

IC 584 (= PGC 28839)
Discovered (Jan 28, 1892) by
Stephane Javelle (176)
A 15th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type Sc?) in Leo (RA 09 59 05.1, Dec +10 21 39)
Apparent size 0.4 by 0.4 arcmin.
SDSS image of spiral galaxy IC 584
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 584
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
SDSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 584

IC 585 (= PGC 28897)
Discovered (Mar 18, 1890) by
Guillaume Bigourdan (157)
A 13th-magnitude lenticular galaxy (type E/S0?) in Leo (RA 09 59 44.2, Dec +12 59 18)
Apparent size 1.7 by 0.9 arcmin.
SDSS image of lenticular galaxy IC 585
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 585
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy, also showing NGC 3080
SDSS image of region near lenticular galaxy IC 585, also showing spiral galaxy NGC 3080

IC 586 (= PGC 28906)
Discovered (Mar 9, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle (660)
A 14th-magnitude lenticular galaxy (type S0/a?) in Sextans (RA 09 59 50.2, Dec -06 55 22)
Apparent size 0.8 by 0.75 arcmin.
DSS image of lenticular galaxy IC 586
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 586
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
DSS image of region near lenticular galaxy IC 586

IC 587 (= PGC 29127)
Discovered (Mar 20, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle (661)
A 13th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type SAB(r)bc pec?) in Sextans (RA 10 03 05.0, Dec -02 24 00)
Apparent size 1.25 by 0.6 arcmin.
SDSS image of spiral galaxy IC 587
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 587
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
SDSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 587

IC 588 (= PGC 29057)
Discovered (Mar 17, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle (662)
A 14th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type (R)SB(r)a) in Sextans (RA 10 02 06.9, Dec +03 03 27)
Apparent size of outer ring 1.05 by 0.95 arcmin.
SDSS image of spiral galaxy IC 588
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 588
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
SDSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 588

IC 589 (= PGC 154597)
Discovered (Mar 9, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle (663)
A 15th-magnitude lenticular galaxy (type S0/a? pec) in Sextans (RA 10 04 24.1, Dec -05 40 44)
Apparent size 1.2 by 0.7 arcmin for outer extensions, 0.7 by 0.4 arcmin for brighter central regions.
DSS image of lenticular galaxy IC 589
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 589
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
DSS image of region near lenticular galaxy IC 589

IC 590 (= PGC 29316 + PGC 93102)
Discovered (Mar 11, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle (664)
A pair of galaxies in Sextans
PGC 29316 = A 14th-magnitude lenticular galaxy (type E/S0?) at RA 10 05 49.8, Dec +00 38 00
PGC 93102 = A 14th-magnitude lenticular galaxy (type E/S0?) at RA 10 05 50.6, Dec +00 37 54
Apparent size of PGC 29316 = 0.85 by 0.75 arcmin; of PGC 93102 = 0.8 by 0.55 arcmin.
SDSS image of PGC 29316 and PGC 93102, the pair of lenticular galaxies that comprise IC 590
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 590
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the pair
SDSS image of region near the pair of lenticular galaxies that comprise IC 590

IC 591 (= PGC 29435)
Discovered? (Feb 6, 1878) by
David Todd
Discovered (Mar 31, 1892) by Stephane Javelle
Also observed (Mar 13, 1899) by Johann Palisa
A magnitude 13.2 spiral galaxy (type SBcd?) in Leo (RA 10 07 27.6, Dec +12 16 28)
Per Dreyer, IC 591 (Javelle #177, 1860 RA 09 59 58, NPD 77 02.9) is "pretty faint, small, round". The position precesses to RA 10 07 28.6, Dec +12 16 13, barely to the southeast of the galaxy listed above, so the identification is certain.
Discovery Notes: Although Dreyer credited Javelle with the discovery, the object is thought to have been observed 14 years earlier (as Todd #22) when Todd was pursuing his unsuccessful search for a trans-Neptunian planet. Unfortunately, Todd's published notes are verbatim logbook recordings that are far less organized than the carefully edited and organized publications of most other observers, and an observation quoted by Corwin that is supposedly about Todd 22 is actually a belated note about Todd 21; and Todd's actual description of Todd 22 is far too vague to be certain of what it refers to. So as of July 18, 2015 I doubt that either Todd 21 or 22 have been correctly identified. All I know is that Todd 21 was first observed on Feb 5, 1878 and represents an object somewhere to the east or northeast of Regulus, and well to the east of IC 591 (and therefore cannot be that object), and Todd 22 was first observed on Feb 6, 1878 and represents an object somewhere northwest of Regulus and therefore possibly in the vicinity of IC 591, but barring a small miracle I doubt that I will know what either object is before someone reads this. In any event, Javelle's observation was a completely independent discovery, accurately measured, and clearly the galaxy listed above; so he deserves more credit than anyone else for its discovery, regardless of how things turn out with Todd 21 and 22. (Note to self, before finalize: Steinicke also lists Todd 22 as IC 591, probably based on the same incorrect interpretation of Todd's paper, but gives an incorrect date as well; so do not change the date above when doing a final check of discovery data.)
Physical Information: Apparent size 1.1 by 0.7 arcmin?
SDSS image of spiral galaxy IC 591
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 591
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
SDSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 591

IC 592 (= PGC 29465)
Discovered (Mar 21, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle (665)
A 13th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type SABc?) in Sextans (RA 10 07 58.7, Dec -02 29 53)
Apparent size 1.0 by 0.65 arcmin.
SDSS image of spiral galaxy IC 592 and 8th magnitude star HD 87888
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 592 and 8th-magnitude HD 87888
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy, also showing IC 593
SDSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 592, also showing spiral galaxy IC 593

IC 593 (= PGC 29482)
Discovered (Mar 21, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle (666)
A 14th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type S(rs)bc?) in Sextans (RA 10 08 18.1, Dec -02 31 36)
Apparent size 0.8 by 0.6 arcmin.
SDSS image of spiral galaxy IC 593
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 593
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy, also showing IC 592
SDSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 593, also showing spiral galaxy IC 592

IC 594 (= PGC 29496)
Discovered (Mar 17, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle (667)
A 14th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type SAB(r)bc) in Sextans (RA 10 08 32.0, Dec -00 40 01)
Apparent size 1.1 by 0.55 arcmin.
SDSS image of spiral galaxy IC 594
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 594
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
SDSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 594

IC 595 (= PGC 29555)
Discovered (Jan 28, 1892) by
Stephane Javelle (178)
A 14th-magnitude lenticular galaxy (type S0?) in Leo (RA 10 09 38.1, Dec +11 00 01)
Apparent size 0.95 by 0.65 arcmin.
SDSS image of lenticular galaxy IC 595
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 595
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
SDSS image of region near lenticular galaxy IC 595

IC 596 (= PGC 29621)
Discovered (Apr 18, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle (668)
A 15th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type SABb?) in Leo (RA 10 10 31.3, Dec +10 02 31)
Apparent size 0.95 by 0.3 arcmin.
SDSS image of spiral galaxy IC 596
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 596
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
SDSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 596

IC 597 (= PGC 154761)
Discovered (May 4, 1893) by
Stephane Javelle (669)
A 15th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type S?) in Sextans (RA 10 10 11.9, Dec -06 53 57)
Apparent size 0.9 by 0.3 arcmin.
DSS image of spiral galaxy IC 597
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 597
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
DSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 597

IC 598 (= PGC 29745)
Discovered (Mar 27, 1889) by
Lewis Swift (VIII-51)
A 13th-magnitude lenticular galaxy (type S0/a?) in Ursa Major (RA 10 12 48.6, Dec +43 08 44)
Apparent size 1.65 by 0.6 arcmin.
SDSS image of lenticular galaxy IC 598
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 598
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
SDSS image of region near lenticular galaxy IC 598

IC 599 (= PGC 29771)
Discovered (May 4, 1890) by
Stephane Javelle (670)
A 14th-magnitude spiral galaxy (type Sb?) in Sextans (RA 10 13 12.4, Dec -05 37 46)
Apparent size 1.3 by 0.3 arcmin.
DSS image of spiral galaxy IC 599
Above, a 2.4 arcmin wide closeup of IC 599
Below, a 12 arcmin wide region centered on the galaxy
DSS image of region near spiral galaxy IC 599
Celestial Atlas
(IC 500 - 549) ←IC Objects: IC 550 - 599→ (IC 600 - 649)