Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7400 (= GC 4857 = JH 3957, 1860 RA 22 45 42, NPD 136 05.6) is "pretty faint, a little extended, gradually a little brighter middle, very small (faint) star involved".
Physical Information: Apparent size 2.7 by 0.5? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7401 (= GC 4856, 3rd Lord Rosse, 1860 RA 22 45 45, NPD 89 36.7) is "extremely faint, very small".
Discovery Notes: Although Dreyer credits the discovery to William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse, he notes that many of Rosse's nebular discoveries were actually made by one of his assistants, in this case R. J. Mitchell.
Physical Information: Apparent size 1.0 by 0.6? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7402 (3rd Lord Rosse, 1860 RA 22 45 50, NPD 89 36.7) is "extremely faint, very small".
Discovery Notes: Although Dreyer credits the discovery to William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse, he notes that many of Rosse's nebular discoveries were actually made by one of his assistants, in this case R. J. Mitchell.
Physical Information: Apparent size 0.7 by 0.5? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7403 (= GC 6092, S. Coolidge (#32, HN 22), 1860 RA 22 45 57, NPD 89 15.7) is "a slightly nebulous star". The first IC notes "Occurs only in one Harvard Zone (156). Spitaler and Burnham have not seen any nebulosity. The small nebula found by them 40 seconds east and 7 arcmin south cannot, of course, have been the object observed in the zone".
Discovery Notes: Coolidge holds the dubious distinction of never having discovered an actual nebula or cluster, all of his NGC objects being merely stars; so it is not surprising that Spitaler and Burnham could not find his "nebulous star".

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7404 (= GC 4858 = JH 3958, 1860 RA 22 46 24, NPD 130 03.5) is "very faint, small, round".
Physical Information: Apparent size 1.5 by 0.8? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7405 (= GC 6093, Marth #502, 1860 RA 22 46 38, NPD 78 16) is "extremely faint, small, round".

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7406 (= GC 6094, Marth #503, 1860 RA 22 46 40, NPD 97 18) is "faint, small, a little extended".
Physical Information: Apparent size 1.1 by 0.6? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7407 (= GC 6095, Stephan list V (#9), 1860 RA 22 46 46, NPD 56 36.8) is "extremely faint, very small".
Physical Information: Apparent size 2.0 by 0.9? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7408 (= GC 4859 = JH 3959, 1860 RA 22 46 50, NPD 154 26.5) is "pretty bright, pretty small, round, very gradually a little brighter middle".
Physical Information: Apparent size 1.6 by 1.2? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7409 (= GC 6096, Marth #504, 1860 RA 22 46 58, NPD 70 32) is "extremely faint".
Physical Information: Apparent size 0.6 by 0.4? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7410 (= GC 4860 = JH 3960, Dunlop 518, 1860 RA 22 47 03, NPD 130 24.6) is "considerably bright, large, very much extended 43°, much brighter middle".
Physical Information: Apparent size 5.2 by 1.6? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7411 (= GC 6097, Marth #505, 1860 RA 22 47 42, NPD 70 30) is "very faint, very small".
Physical Information: Apparent size 0.9 by 0.9? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7412 (= GC 4861 = JH 3961, 1860 RA 22 47 46, NPD 133 23.8) is "extremely faint, very large, 7th magnitude star to northeast".
Physical Information: Apparent size 3.8 by 2.8? arcmin.

Physical Information: Apparent size 3.5 by 0.5? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7413 (Swift list IV (#87), 1860 RA 22 47 51, NPD 77 31.6) is "most extremely faint, pretty small, round, very difficult, southern of 2", the other being NGC 7414. The second IC lists a corrected RA (per Howe) of 22 48 05.
Physical Information: Apparent size 1.0 by 0.7? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7414 (Swift list IV (#88), 1860 RA 22 47 51, NPD 77 29.1) is "most extremely faint, small, round, very difficult, northern of 2", the other being NGC 7413.
Physical Information: Apparent size 0.4 by 0.2? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7415 (= GC 6098, Marth #506, 1860 RA 22 47 59, NPD 70 28) is "extremely faint".
Physical Information: PGC 69984 is about 1.1 by 0.2 arcmin apparent size. PGC 69985 is about 0.5 by 0.3 arcmin apparent size. A 1500 km/sec difference in the two galaxies' recessional velocities (which would imply a difference in their distance of about 70 million light years) and their lack of any obvious distortion suggest that they are not as close to each other as they appear, are not physically interacting, and are only an optical double.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7416 (= GC 6099, Marth #507, (Skinner), 1860 RA 22 48 27, NPD 96 15) is "faint, pretty large, pretty much extended, very gradually brighter middle".
Discovery Notes: Skinner was an assistant to Truman Safford, and his observations, like those of Safford, were published long after the fact, at a time when Dreyer was in the last stages of preparing the NGC for publication. As a result his observation was not included in the NGC entry, as indicated by his name being shown in parentheses.
Physical Information: Apparent size 3.2 by 0.7? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7417 (= GC 4862 = JH 3962, 1860 RA 22 48 42, NPD 155 46.4) is "pretty bright, considerably small, round, gradually pretty much brighter middle".
Physical Information: Apparent size 2.4 by 1.6? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7418 (= GC 4863 = JH 3963, 1860 RA 22 48 42, NPD 127 46.4) is "considerably bright, very large, very little extended, very gradually a little brighter middle".
Physical Information: Apparent size 3.5 by 2.6? arcmin. NGC 7418 is listed as a member of a group of galaxies in or near Sculptor with recessional velocities of about 1500 to 1800 km/sec (this is not "the" Sculptor Group, a close neighbor to our Local Group, with an average recessional velocity of less than 300 km/sec).

Physical Information: Apparent size 3.5 by 1.8? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7419 (= GC 4864 = JH 2190 = WH VII 43, 1860 RA 22 48 47, NPD 29 55.1) is "a cluster, pretty rich, considerably compressed".
Physical Information: Apparent size 6? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7420 (= GC 6100, Marth #508, 1860 RA 22 48 54, NPD 60 56) is "very faint, small".
Physical Information: Apparent size 0.8 by 0.6? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7421 (= GC 4865 = JH 3964, 1860 RA 22 49 02, NPD 128 05.5) is "considerably bright, large, very little extended, gradually pretty much brighter middle, partially resolved (some stars seen)".
Physical Information: Apparent size 2.0 by 1.9? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7422 (= GC 6101, Marth #509, Struve, d'Arrest, 1860 RA 22 49 04, NPD 86 49.2) is "very faint, pretty small, very little extended". The second IC adds "I assume Javelle 1426 = NGC 7422, the comparison star being BD+03 4794, and not 4796. Places agree then".
Physical Information: Apparent size 1.0 by 0.8? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7423 (= GC 4866 = JH 2191 = WH III 745, 1860 RA 22 49 19, NPD 33 38.2) is "very faint, pretty large, irregular figure, extremely mottled but not resolved".
Physical Information: Apparent size 5 arcmin?

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7424 (= GC 4867 = JH 3965, 1860 RA 22 49 21, NPD 131 49.1) is "faint, considerably large, very little extended, very gradually much brighter middle".
Physical Information: Apparent size 9.5 by 8.1 arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7425 (Muller list I (#259), 1860 RA 22 49 25, NPD 101 41.6) is "extremely faint, very little extended, 10th magnitude star 4' to west". The second IC lists a corrected RA (per Howe) of 22 49 55.
Physical Information: Apparent size about 0.9 by 0.6 arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7426 (= GC 4868 = JH 2192 = WH III 576, 1860 RA 22 49 29, NPD 54 22.6) is "very faint, considerably small, round, stellar, double star to west".
Physical Information: Apparent size about 1.7 by 1.4 arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7427 (= GC 6102, O. Struve, 1860 RA 22 50 05, NPD 82 17) is "faint, small, 9th magnitude star 4' to southeast".
Physical Information: Apparent size about 0.7 by 0.7 arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7428 (= GC 6103, Marth #510, 1860 RA 22 50 07, NPD 91 47) is "faint, very small, round, brighter middle".
Physical Information: About 2.4 by 1.4 arcmin apparent size.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7429 (= GC 4869 = JH 2193, 1860 RA 22 50 18, NPD 30 45.4) is "a cluster, poor, pretty compressed, stars from 9th to 11th magnitude".
Physical Information: About 15 arcmin across.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7430 (= GC 6104, d'Arrest, 1860 RA 22 50 26, NPD 81 57.2) is "extremely faint, very small".
Physical Information: About 0.4 by 0.2 arcmin apparent size.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7431 (Bigourdan (list II #92), 1860 RA 22 50 54, NPD 64 35.0) is "extremely faint, very small".
Physical Information: A contact double system. Apparent size 0.4 by 0.2? arcmin. There is considerable confusion about the proper identification of the NGC objects in the compact group of galaxies near this one. As a result, Wikisky identifies this pair only by its PGC number.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7432 (= GC 4870 = JH 2194 = WH III 465, 1860 RA 22 51 02, NPD 77 37.0) is "extremely faint, small, round".
Physical Information: Apparent size about 1.6 by 1.2 arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7433 (= GC 4872, 3rd Lord Rosse, d'Arrest, 1860 RA 22 51 09, NPD 64 36.0) is "extremely faint, very small, west of h 2195", (JH) 2195 being NGC 7436.
Discovery Notes: Although Dreyer credits the discovery to William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse, he notes that many of Rosse's nebular discoveries were actually made by one of his assistants, in this case R. J. Mitchell.
Physical Information: Apparent size about 0.7 by 0.2 arcmin. There is considerable confusion about the proper identification of the NGC objects in the compact group of galaxies near this one. As a result, Wikisky (almost certainly incorrectly) identifies this galaxy as NGC 7431.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7434 (= GC 6105, Marth #511, 1860 RA 22 51 10, NPD 91 55) is "very faint, very small, round, stellar".
Physical Information: Apparent size about 0.6 by 0.3 arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7435 (= GC 4873, 3rd Lord Rosse, 1860 RA 22 51 13, NPD 64 37) is "extremely faint, south of h 2195", (JH) 2195 being NGC 7436. The second IC suggests "= Javelle 1427".
Discovery Notes: Although Dreyer credits the discovery to William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse, he notes that many of Rosse's nebular discoveries were actually made by one of his assistants, in this case R. J. Mitchell.
Physical Information: Apparent size about 1.2 by 0.7 arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7436 (= GC 4871 = JH 2195 = WH III 243, 1860 RA 22 51 13, NPD 64 35.9) is "faint, pretty small, faint star attached on west, gradually brighter middle".
Physical Information: Apparent size of PGC 70124 is about 2.0 by 2.0 arcmin. Apparent size of PGC 70123 is about 0.6 by 0.2 arcmin. Various references call one galaxy NGC 7436 or 7436A, and the other NGC 7436B; but which is which varies from one reference to another, so the PGC listings should be used to ensure proper identification. (Even worse, Wikisky labels PGC 70123 as NGC 7436, and PGC 70124 as NGC 7433, which is almost certainly wrong.) Part of an apparently compact group of galaxies (NGC 7433, 7435 and 7436, and some smaller apparent companions) so close together that proper identification of the NGC objects is difficult (current identifications are per Steinicke; a thorough reassessment will be presented in a later iteration of this page).

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7437 (Swift list II (#94), 1860 RA 22 51 23, NPD 76 26.6) is "most extremely faint, large, round, faint star near on northeast, very difficult".
Physical Information: Apparent size about 1.8 by 1.8 arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7438 (= GC 4874 = JH 2196, 1860 RA 22 51 36, NPD 36 23.9) is "a cluster, very large, extended".
Physical Information: About 20 arcmin across. A poorly defined scattering of stars, so the location of the center is uncertain, and being close to the border between two constellations it was inevitable that some references put the center in Cassiopeia and others in Lacerta; but either way the cluster overlaps the boundary, and therefore lies in both constellations.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7439 (= GC 6106, Marth #512, 1860 RA 22 51 58, NPD 61 30) is "a long patch of faint nebulosity". The second IC lists a corrected NPD (per Bigourdan) of 61 35.
Discovery Notes: Bigourdan looked for NGC 7439 on Oct 1 and 19, 1886, but could not find it. He finally found it in 1891 (as shown above), 5 arcmin to the south of the NGC position (hence the note in the IC2).
Physical Information: Apparent size about 1.0 by 0.6 arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7440 (= GC 6107, Stephan list VIII (#25), 1860 RA 22 52 00, NPD 54 56.8) is "extremely faint, small, irregularly round". The second IC states "Bigourdan gives RA 22 52 10, NPD 54 53. This differs from Stephan's place by 10 seconds and 4 arcmin. Perhaps Stephan applied his (2 arcmin) Δδ (difference in declination) with the wrong sign".
Physical Information: Apparent size 1.4 by 1.1? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7441 (Ormond Stone list I (#260), (W. Herschel), 1860 RA 22 52 25, NPD 97 48) is "very faint, pretty small, irregularly round, 10th magnitude star to west, PD ?", the last note being due to the fact that Stone marked the object's declination with a question mark (which was well justified, as it was off by half a degree if this identification is correct).
Discovery Notes: William Herschel observed this object with his 40-foot telescope, but never published the observation, so it does not appear in the GC or NGC. Wolfgang Steinicke found the observation while analyzing Herschel's 40-foot sweep data (hence W. Herschel being in parentheses in the NGC entry shown here).
Physical Information: Apparent size 1.3 by 0.8? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7442 (= GC 4875, d'Arrest, 1860 RA 22 52 31, NPD 75 12.6) is "pretty faint, round, between two 16th magnitude stars, 13th magnitude star to northeast".
Physical Information: Apparent size about 1.1 by 1.1 arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7443 (= GC 4876 = JH 2197 = WH II 450, 1860 RA 22 52 46, NPD 103 33.2) is "faint, very small, very little extended, suddenly much brighter middle, extremely mottled but not resolved, northern of 2", the other being NGC 7444.
Physical Information: Based on a recessional velocity of 3510 km/sec, NGC 7443 is about 165 million light years away. Given that and its apparent size of 1.5 by 0.5? arcmin, it is about 70 thousand light years across. The distance calculated for NGC 7443 is about 30 million light years further than for NGC 7444, but peculiar (non-Hubble expansion) velocities for galaxies are usually a couple of hundred km/sec or more, so they may be somewhat closer together, and a well-separated but still gravitationally bound pair.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7444 (= GC 4877 = JH 2198 = WH II 451, 1860 RA 22 52 46, NPD 103 34.3) is "faint, very small, very little extended, suddenly much brighter middle, extremely mottled but not resolved, southern of 2", the other being NGC 7443.
Physical Information: Based on a recessional velocity of 2920 km/sec, NGC 7444 is about 135 million light years away. Given that and its apparent size of 1.7 by 0.6? arcmin, it is about 65 thousand light years across. The distance calculated for NGC 7444 is about 30 million light years closer than for NGC 7443, but peculiar (non-Hubble expansion) velocities for galaxies are usually a couple of hundred km/sec or more, so they may be somewhat closer together, and a well-separated but still gravitationally bound pair.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7445 (Stephan list IX (#31), 1860 RA 22 52 54, NPD 51 38.8) is "extremely faint, very small".
Physical Information: Apparent size about 0.7 by 0.2 arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7446 (Stephan list IX (#32), 1860 RA 22 53 00, NPD 51 40.1) is "extremely faint, very small, round, mottled but not resolved".
Physical Information: Apparent size about 0.8 by 0.8 arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7447 (= GC 4878, Markree Catalog, 1860 RA 22 53 06, NPD 101 16.7) is "an 11th or 12th magnitude star in a nebula (Auwers 49)". The first IC states "7447: to be struck out, as Burnhan (typo for Burnham) also could not find it. He only saw a faint triple star a little northwest of the place".
Discovery Notes: Auwers 49 refers to the entry in Auwers' catalog in which caused John Herschel to add Cooper's observation to the GC.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7448 (= GC 4879 = JH 2199 = WH II 251, 1860 RA 22 53 08, NPD 74 46.2) is "pretty bright, large, extended 173, very gradually brighter middle, 11th magnitude star 2.5 arcmin to east".
Physical Information: Based on a recessional velocity of 2195 km/sec, NGC 7448 is about 100 million light years away, in good agreement with redshift-independent distance estimates of 50 to 150 million light years. Given that and its apparent size of 2.7 by 1.2 arcmin, about 75 thousand light years across.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7449 (Stephan list IX (#33), 1860 RA 22 53 09, NPD 51 36.2) is "very faint, small, round, very small (faint) star in center".
Physical Information: Based on a recessional velocity of 5090 km/sec, NGC 7449 is about 235 million light years away. Given that and its apparent size of 1.0 by 0.7? arcmin, it is about 70 thousand light years across.