Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7500 (Swift list IV (#90), 1860 RA 23 03 20, NPD 79 43.7) is "extremely faint, very small, round".
Physical Information: Apparent size 2.1 by 1.1? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7501 (= GC 6128, Marth #527, 1860 RA 23 03 25, NPD 89 09) is "extremely faint".
Physical Information: Apparent size 0.5 by 0.5? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7502 (Muller list II (#471), 1860 RA 23 03 25, NPD 112 30.7) is "extremely faint, very small, extended 290°, a faint double star?".

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7503 (= GC 6129, Marth #528, 1860 RA 23 03 36, NPD 83 11) is "very faint, small, stellar".
Physical Information: Apparent size 0.8 by 0.8? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7504 (= GC 6130, Marth #529, 1860 RA 23 03 37, NPD 76 21) is "very faint, small, stellar".

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7505 (Swift list V (#94), 1860 RA 23 03 55, NPD 77 07.6) is "most extremely faint, extremely small, a little extended, between a bright and 2 faint stars".
Physical Information: Apparent size 0.8 by 0.2? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7506 (= GC 4899 = JH 2210 = WH III 184, 1860 RA 23 04 29, NPD 92 55.0) is "considerably faint, very small, round, suddenly brighter middle equal to 15th magnitude star".
Physical Information: Apparent size 1.7 by 1.1? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7507 (= GC 4900 = JH 2211 = JH 3974 = WH II 2, 1860 RA 23 04 34, NPD 119 17.9) is "pretty bright, considerably small, round, pretty suddenly very much brighter middle, 10th magnitude star to northwest".
Physical Information: Apparent size 2.8 by 2.7? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7508 (= GC 4901 = JH 2212, 1860 RA 23 04 45, NPD 77 49.6) is "extremely faint, brighter middle like a star, 11th magnitude star 2' to northwest".
Physical Information: Apparent size 1.0 by 0.3? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7509 (Swift list IV (#91), 1860 RA 23 05 15, NPD 76 07.6) is "very faint, small, round, between 2 stars".
Physical Information: Apparent size 1.1 by 1.1? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7510 (= GC 4902 = JH 2213 = WH VII 44, 1860 RA 23 05 27, NPD 30 11.4) is "a cluster, pretty rich, pretty compressed, fan-shaped, stars pretty bright".
Physical Information: NGC 7510 lies about 10 thousand light years away. Its several hundred members, scattered across 10 to 15 light years of space, were formed around 10 million years ago. (Apparent size listed as about 7 arcmin.)

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7511 (Swift list IV (#92), 1860 RA 23 05 35, NPD 77 01.7) is "most extremely faint, small, round, very difficult, several stars to northeast".
Physical Information: Apparent size 1.1 by 0.5? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7512 (Stephan list IX (#34), 1860 RA 23 05 36, NPD 59 38.1) is "faint, small, round, very small (faint) star in center".
Discovery Notes: It isn't clear why Steinicke notes Swift's observation, as he usually does that only when Dreyer also notes additional observers; so I'll try to deal with that question in the next iteration of this page.
Physical Information: Apparent size 1.5 by 1.0? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7513 (= GC 6131, Marth #530, 1860 RA 23 05 39, NPD 119 07) is "very faint, pretty large, extended, gradually brighter middle". The position precesses to RA 23 13 11.7, Dec -28 21 22, on the western rim of the central bar of the galaxy listed above and well within its outline, the description fits and there is nothing else nearby, so the identification is certain.
Physical Information: NGC 7513 is listed as a member of a group of galaxies in or near Sculptor with heliocentric recessional velocities of about 1500 to 1800 km/sec (this is not "the" Sculptor Group, a close neighbor of our Local Group, with an average recessional velocity of less than 300 km/sec). Based on a recessional velocity relative to the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation of 1260 km/sec (and H₀ = 70 km/sec/Mpc), NGC 7513 is about 55 to 60 million light years away, in good agreement with redshift-independent distance estimates of about 50 to 75 million light years (the HST press release uses a distance of roughly 60 million light years). Given that and its apparent size of about 3.2 by 2.0 arcmin (from the images below), the galaxy is about 55 thousand light years across.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7514 (= GC 6132, Stephan list VIII (#27), 1860 RA 23 05 47, NPD 55 52.3) is "extremely faint, pretty large, irregularly round".
Physical Information: Apparent size 1.4 by 0.9? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7515 (= GC 4903 = JH 2214 = WH III 220, 1860 RA 23 05 47, NPD 78 04.9) is "faint, considerably small, round, very gradually a little brighter middle, mottled but not resolved".
Discovery Notes: It isn't clear why Steinicke notes Swift's observation, as he usually does that only when Dreyer also notes additional observers; so I'll try to deal with that question in the next iteration of this page.
Physical Information: Apparent size 1.7 by 1.6? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7516 (= GC 6133, Marth #531, 1860 RA 23 05 53, NPD 70 30) is "faint, very small, stellar".
Physical Information: Apparent size 1.1 by 1.0? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7517 (= GC 6134, Marth #532, 1860 RA 23 06 02, NPD 92 51) is "very faint, very small, stellar".
Physical Information: Apparent size 0.6 by 0.3? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7518 (= GC 6135, Marth #533, 1860 RA 23 06 05, NPD 84 26) is "very faint, small, round".
Physical Information: Apparent size 1.4 by 1.0? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7519 (= GC 6136, Marth #534, 1860 RA 23 06 09, NPD 79 59) is "very faint, pretty large". The second IC lists a corrected RA (per Bigourdan) of 23 05 40.
Physical Information: Apparent size 1.3 by 1.1? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7520 (= GC 6137, Tempel list I (#49), 1860 RA 23 06 16, NPD 114 33.3) is "faint, pretty small, between 2 stars". The second IC notes "Not found by Howe (2 nights)".
Physical Information: Apparent size 1.3 by 0.8? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7521 (= GC 6138, Marth #535, 1860 RA 23 06 23, NPD 92 30) is "very faint, pretty small, pretty suddenly brighter middle".
Physical Information: Apparent size 0.6 by 0.5? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7522 (Muller list II (#472), 1860 RA 23 06 25, NPD 113 38.7) is "extremely faint, very small, irregularly round, 10th magnitude star 3' to the east northeast". The second IC notes "Not found by Howe (3 nights)".

Historical Identification: Per NGC 7523 (= GC 6139, Marth #536, 1860 RA 23 06 30, NPD 76 47) is "most extremely faint, extended".
Physical Information: Apparent size 1.0 by 0.2? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7524 (= GC 6140, Marth #537, 1860 RA 23 06 35, NPD 92 30) is "extremely faint, very small".
Physical Information: Apparent size 0.8 by 0.3? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7525 (= GC 6141, Marth #538, 1860 RA 23 06 36, NPD 76 45) is "extremely faint, very small, very little extended, gradually brighter middle".
Physical Information: The galaxies that comprise NGC 7525 have about the same recessional velocity (as discussed below), and are therefore at nearly the same distance. However, there is no obvious tidal distortion in the image below, so they may not be as close as they appear (although even if they are separated by several million light years, that would be nothing in comparison to their half billion light year distance from us). Face-on NED02 obviously lies in front of edge-on NED01, but their separation is unknown and probably unknowable, given the caveats listed above. Their recessional velocities (11945 km/sec for NED01 and 12260 km/sec for NED02), if used in a straightforward calculation, would indicate a distance of about 555 to 570 million light years. However, for objects at that distance, it is necessary to take into account the expansion of the Universe during the time it took their light to reach us. Doing that shows that the two galaxies were about 545 million light years away when the light by which we see them was emitted, about 555 million years ago (the difference between the two numbers being due to the expansion of the intervening space during the light-travel time). Given that and their apparent sizes (about 0.35 by 0.35 arcmin for face-on NED02, and 0.45 by 0.1 arcmin for edge-on NED01), NED01 is about 70 thousand light years across, and NED02 about 60 thousand light years in size. Since NED01 is nearly edge-on, it is difficult to say much about its detailed structure; but face-on NED02 is a starburst galaxy, and also a Seyfert galaxy (type Sy 1.5).

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7526 (= GC 4904 = WH III 470, 1860 RA 23 06 37, NPD 99 57.5) is "extremely faint, very small".

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7527 (= GC 6142, Marth #539, 1860 RA 23 06 49, NPD 65 51) is "very faint, very small, stellar".
Physical Information: Apparent size about 1.3 by 0.9? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7528 (Common (#26), 1860 RA 23 06 52, NPD 80 32) is "faint, small".
Physical Information: Apparent size about 0.4 by 0.3? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7529 (Tempel list IV (#12), 1860 RA 23 06 57, NPD 81 46.1) is "very faint".
Physical Information: Apparent size about 0.9 by 0.8? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7530 (= GC 6143, Marth #540, 1860 RA 23 07 00, NPD 93 32) is "extremely faint, very small, almost stellar".
Physical Information: Apparent size about 0.9 by 0.5? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7531 (= GC 4905 = JH 3975, 1860 RA 23 07 01, NPD 134 21.8) is "pretty bright, small, a little extended, pretty gradually brighter middle".
Physical Information: Apparent size about 4.5 by 1.7? arcmin. NGC 7531 is listed as a member of a group of galaxies in or near Sculptor with recessional velocities of about 1500 to 1800 km/sec (this is not "the" Sculptor Group, a close neighbor to our Local Group, with an average recessional velocity of less than 300 km/sec). Apparently associated with a faint stellar cloud off to its west, in addition to having unusually farflung outer arms.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7532 (= GC 6144, Marth #541, 1860 RA 23 07 10, NPD 93 29) is "very faint, very small, a little extended".
Physical Information: Apparent size about 1.4 by 0.7? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7533 (= GC 6145, Marth #542, 1860 RA 23 07 10, NPD 92 48) is "faint, small, round".
Physical Information: Apparent size about 0.7 by 0.3? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7534 (= GC 6146, Marth #543, 1860 RA 23 07 14, NPD 93 27) is "extremely faint, very small, a little extended".
Physical Information: Apparent size about 1.0 by 0.7? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7535 (Swift list V (#97), 1860 RA 23 07 15, NPD 77 10.3) is "most extremely faint, pretty small, round, very difficult, northern of 2", the other being NGC 7536.
Physical Information: Apparent size about 1.5 by 1.5? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7536 (Swift list V (#98), 1860 RA 23 07 15, NPD 77 19.3) is "most extremely faint, pretty small, round, among 6 stars, southern of 2", the other being NGC 7535.
Physical Information: Apparent size about 1.9 by 0.7? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7537 (= GC 4906 = JH 2215 = WH II 429, 1860 RA 23 07 27, NPD 86 15.7) is "very faint, considerably small, round, brighter middle, southwestern of 2", the other being NGC 7541. The position precesses to RA 23 14 34.4, Dec +04 30 00, right on the galaxy listed above, and the description (particularly the position of its companion) fits, so the identification is considered certain.
Physical Information: Based on a recessional velocity of 2675 km/sec (and H₀ = 70 km/sec/Mpc), NGC 7537 is about 125 million light years away, in good agreement with redshift-independent distance estimates of about 95 to 155 million light years (the HST press release for NGC 7541 lists it and NGC 7537 as a pair, with a distance of about 110 million light years; the press release for an early HST image similar to the one shown at the end of this entry gives a distance of about 120 million light years.). Given the general agreement that NGC 7537 and 7541 are considered a physical pair they must be at about the same distance from us, and since both their recessional velocities indicate distances of about 125 million light years I have used that distance for the rest of this discussion. Based on that and its apparent size of about 2 by 0.6 arcmin (from the images below), NGC 7537 is about 70 to 75 thousand light years across.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7538 (= GC 4907 = WH II 706, 1860 RA 23 07 34, NPD 29 15.0) is "very faint, large, 2 pretty bright stars involved".
Warning About Erroneous Press Release: A 2014 NASA press release about a Herschel telescope image of this object mistakenly called the nebula NGC 7358. The NASA error rapidly spread through the media, so although not yet prepared to complete this entry, I have added the image below and posted this warning.
Physical Information: Apparent size about 9.0 by 6.0? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7539 (= GC 4908 = JH 2217, 1860 RA 23 07 36, NPD 67 04.7) is "faint, small, round, pretty suddenly brighter middle".
Physical Information: Apparent size about 1.5 by 1.2? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7540 (= GC 6147, Marth #544, 1860 RA 23 07 36, NPD 74 49) is "faint, very small, stellar".
Physical Information: Apparent sizes about 0.5 by 0.3? arcmin and 0.2 by 0.2? arcmin, respectively.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7541 (= GC 4909 = JH 2216 = WH II 430, 1860 RA 23 07 36, NPD 86 13.7) is "bright, large, much extended 97°, much brighter middle, northeastern of 2", the other being NGC 7537. The position precesses to RA 23 14 43.4, Dec +04 32 01, right on the galaxy listed above, and the description fits (including the location of its companion), so the identification is certain.
Discovery Note: Although NGC 7581 is listed as a possible duplicate observation of NGC 7541, that identification is considered doubtful, and is only mentioned in case the reader has run across it without any warning of that fact. See NGC 7581 about the confusion involving Tuttle or Holden's observation.
Physical Information: Based on a recessional velocity of 2690 km/sec (and H₀ = 70 km/sec/Mpc), NGC 7541 is about 125 million light years away, in good agreement with redshift-independent distance estimates of about 75 to 135 million light years (the HST press release uses a value of about 110 million light years for it and its companion, NGC 7537). Given the general agreement that NGC 7537 and 7541 are considered a physical pair they must be at about the same distance from us, and since both their recessional velocities indicate distances of about 125 million light years I have used that distance for the rest of this discussion. Based on that and its apparent size of about 3.65 by 1.15 arcmin (from the images below), NGC 7541 is about 130 to 135 thousand light years across.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7542 (= GC 6148, Marth #545, 1860 RA 23 07 39, NPD 80 07) is "extremely faint, extremely small, stellar".
Physical Information: Apparent size about 0.8 by 0.5? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7543 (Stephan list IX (#35), 1860 RA 23 07 44, NPD 62 26.1) is "very faint, small, round, a little brighter middle".
Physical Information: Apparent size about 1.1 by 0.9? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7544 (= GC 6149, Marth #546, 1860 RA 23 07 46, NPD 92 57) is "extremely faint, very small".
Physical Information: Apparent size about 0.8 by 0.2? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7545 (= GC 4910 = JH 3976, 1860 RA 23 07 49, NPD 129 17.9) is "faint, small, very little extended, very gradually a very little brighter middle, 10th magnitude star attached".
Physical Information: Apparent size about 1.1 by 0.7? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7546 (= GC 6150, Marth #547, 1860 RA 23 07 54, NPD 93 06) is "extremely faint, small, a little extended".
Physical Information: Apparent size about 1.1 by 0.9? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7547 (= GC 4911 = JH 2218, 1860 RA 23 08 06, NPD 71 47.4) is "very faint, small, irregularly round".
Physical Information: Apparent size about 1.1 by 0.5? arcmin. Some catalogs include this galaxy in Arp 99, which is listed in the Arp Atlas as an example of a spiral galaxy with an elliptical companion; however, the remarks in Arp's catalog make it clear that the spiral galaxy in question is NGC 7549, and though NGC 7547 is mentioned in passing (as the "West galaxy"), it is clearly not the galaxy that is meant to be part of Arp 99. Arguments that NGC 7547 should still be considered part of Arp 99 ignore the fact that if it were, the entry would have been listed as an elliptical galaxy with spiral companions; and since it was not, NGC 7547 is clearly not part of Arp 99. However, it probably is part of a triple system with the galaxies comprising Arp 99, as all three have similar radial velocities.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7548 (= GC 4914, d'Arrest, 1860 RA 23 08 17, NPD 65 29.3) is "very faint, very small, 16th magnitude star 11 seconds of time to west".
Physical Information: Apparent size about 1.1 by 0.9? arcmin.

Historical Identification: Per Dreyer, NGC 7549 (= GC 4912 = GC 6151, 3rd Lord Rosse, d'Arrest, 1860 RA 23 08 18, NPD 71 43.2) is "pretty faint, pretty small, round, 10th or 11th magnitude star to west".
Discovery Notes: Although Dreyer credits the discovery to William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse, he notes that many of Rosse's nebular discoveries were actually made by one of his assistants, in this case Bindon Stoney.
Physical Information: Apparent size about 2.8 by 0.7? arcmin. Used by the Arp Atlas as an example of a spiral galaxy with an elliptical companion (NGC 7550). Some catalogs incorrectly include NGC 7547 as part of Arp 99, so see that entry for a discussion of why that is wrong. However, NGC 7547 probably is part of a triple system with the pair of galaxies that form Arp 99, as all three have similar radial velocities.